Exercices de Anglais : Innovations et responsabilité

Read the following text and complete the gap: 'Smart cities use advanced sensors to monitor energy consumption. If engineers ________ (optimize) these systems, the city could save energy resources efficiently.' In this context, let $E$ be the total energy consumed and $S$ be the energy saved by innovation. The net energy consumption is given by the formula $N = E - S$. If innovation increases $S$, explain the impact on $N$ using the correct verb form for the gap.

Read the following prompt and complete the argumentative paragraph. In the context of the axis 'Innovations and Responsibility', discuss the impact of digital technology. Digital devices have an energy cost. Suppose a server farm consumes $P = 500$ kW per hour. If a new cooling innovation reduces its consumption by $r = 15\%$, calculate the new hourly power consumption $P_{new}$ in kW. Then, write a short paragraph (80-100 words) discussing whether technological innovation is sufficient to solve environmental issues or if behavioral change is also required.

Read the following scenario and write a coherent paragraph (150-200 words) discussing the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence. Scenario: A tech firm develops an algorithm to predict student success. The algorithm uses historical data, including socioeconomic status, to categorize students. If the algorithm processes $N$ students and assigns a probability score $P$ such that $P \in [0, 1]$, discuss whether this innovation promotes equal opportunity or reinforces social bias. Consider the trade-off between institutional efficiency ($E$) and social equity ($Q$). Use advanced vocabulary related to ethics, technology, and social responsibility.